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Email :
Text and photos by Nick Baker, unless credited to others.
Copyright © Ecology Asia 2024 |
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Bats of
Southeast Asia |
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Globally bats (Order : Chiroptera) comprise around 20% of all mammal species, but this percentage
rises in Southeast Asia where bats may comprise around 40% of
all mammals. They play an important role in pollination and seed dispersal yet remain amongst the least studied of the regions mammals.
Included here are examples of the huge flying foxes which can weigh over 1 kg and have wingspans of almost 1.5
metres, and the tiny microbats weighing just a few grams. Larger bats are
generally frugivorous (fruit-eating), while smaller species tend to be
insectivorous. |
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Flying Foxes
(Pteropodidae, Pteropodinae)
5 genera, 3 of which occur in SE Asia:
Acerodon: 5 species (all in SE Asia). Pteropus: ~65 species
(~25 occur in SE Asia). Styloctenium: 2 species (both in SE
Asia). Examples:
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Golden-crowned Flying Fox
Acerodon jubatus |
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Sunda Flying Fox
Acerodon mackloti |
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Black Flying Fox
Pteropus alecto |
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Island Flying Fox
Pteropus hypomelanus |
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Lyle's Flying Fox
Pteropus lylei |
Large Flying Fox
Pteropus vampyrus |
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Fruit Bats
(Pteropodidae, Cynopterinae)
14 genera and ~30 species, most of which occur
in SE Asia. Examples:
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Spotted-winged Fruit Bat
Balionycteris maculata
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Lesser Dog-faced Fruit Bat
Cynopterus brachyotis
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Horsfield's Fruit Bat
Cynopterus horsfieldii
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Forest Short-nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus
minutus
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Dusky Fruit Bat
Penthetor lucasi
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Dawn Fruit Bats and Rousettes
(Pteropodidae, Rousettinae)
2 genera: Eonycteris (3 species, all occur in
SE Asia). Rousettus (10 species, 6 of which occur in SE Asia).
Examples:
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Cave Nectar Bat
Eonycteris spelaea
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Rousettes
Rousettus spp.
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Tube-nosed Fruit Bats
Nyctimene spp. 19 species (13 in SE
Asia). Examples: |
Long-tongued Nectar Bats
Macroglossus spp.: 2 species (both of
which occur in SE Asia). Examples:
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Tube-nosed Fruit Bats
Nyctimene & Paranyctimene spp.
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Lesser Long-tongued Nectar Bat
Macroglossus minimus
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Sheath-tailed Bats
(Emballonuridae)
More than 55 species worldwide. Around
13 species in SE Asia from the genera Emballonura, Mosia, Saccolaimus and
Taphozous. Examples:
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Lesser Sheath-tailed Bat
Emballonura monticola |
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Pouched Tomb Bat
Saccolaimus saccolaimus |
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Long-winged Tomb Bat
Taphozous longimanus |
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Black-bearded Tomb Bat
Taphozous melanopogon |
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Theobald's Tomb Bat
Taphozous theobaldi |
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False Vampires
(Megadermatidae)
Worldwide 6 species, of which 3 are in SE
Asia. Examples:
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Slit-faced Bats
(Nycteridae)
Worldwide >15 species, of which 2 occur in SE
Asia. Examples: |
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Lesser False Vampire
Megaderma spasma
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Malayan Slit-faced Bat
Nycteris tragata |
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Horseshoe Bats
(Rhinolophidae)
Worldwide more than 100 species in the single genus Rhinolophus, with
numerous species in SE Asia. Examples:
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Intermediate Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus affinis
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Creagh's Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus creaghi
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Great Woolly Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus morio
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Glossy Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus refulgens
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Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus sedulus
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Lesser Brown Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus stheno |
Trefoil Horseshoe Bat
Rhinolophus trifoliatus |
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Roundleaf Bats
(Hipposideridae)
Worldwide there are more than 70 species in 7 genera. In SE Asia there are
numerous species in the genus Hipposideros, and 6 others in the genera
Ascelliscus, Coelops and Paracoelops. Examples:
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Great Roundleaf Bat
Hipposideros armiger
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Bicoloured Roundleaf Bat
Hipposideros bicolor
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Fawn Roundleaf Bat
Hipposideros cervinus
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Ashy Roundleaf Bat
Hipposideros cineraceus
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Diadem Roundleaf Bat
Hipposideros diadema
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Intermediate Roundleaf
Bat
Hipposideros larvatus |
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Hog-nosed Bats
(Craseonycteridae)
Just 1 species known, which only occurs in Myanmar and
Thailand.
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Bent-winged Bats
(Miniopteridae)
As of 2022, around 40 species worldwide in a
single genus, Miniopterus. At least 10 species are known to occur in SE
Asia.
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Kitti's Hog-nosed Bat
Craseonycteris thonglongyai |
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Bent-winged Bats
Miniopterus spp. |
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Evening Bats (Vespertilionidae)
Worldwide there are more than 300 species in more than 50 genera. In SE
Asia numerous species occur, particularly in the genera Kerivoula, Murina,
Myotis and Pipistrellus. Examples:
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Woolly Bats
Kerivoula spp.
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Tube-nosed Bats
Murina spp.
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Whiskered Myotis
Myotis muricola
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Ridley's
Myotis
Myotis ridleyi
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Large-footed
Myotis
Myotis spp.
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Pipistrelles
Hypsugo spp. |
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Pipistrelles
Pipistrellus spp. |
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Asiatic Lesser Yellow
Bat
Scotophilus kuhlii |
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Bamboo Bats
Tylonycteris spp. |
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Free-tailed Bats
(Molossidae)
Worldwide there are more than 110 species in 18 genera. In SE Asia, as of
2020, there are 14 representatives of 6 genera including
Chaerephon (4), Cheiromeles (2), Mormopterus (1), Mops (2), Otomops (3)
and Tadarida (2). Examples:
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Naked
Bulldog Bat
Cheiromeles torquatus |
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